The best way to learn Chinese, compared honestly

There is no single best way, and a page that names one is usually selling it. Every plan that works contains the same five things — tones learned properly at the start, one dictionary, a core vocabulary kept alive by review, a lot of input slightly above your level, and someone who corrects you. No app covers all five. Below: 15 methods and tools with what each one is missing — ours included — and a picker that turns your goal, time and budget into a plan.

Checked Aug 2026

The five jobs, and who does them

Comparison pages in this niche mostly rank apps against each other, which hides the actual problem: the apps are not doing the same job. Sort them by job and the choices get much easier, because most categories have one obvious answer and you only have to make the decision once.

  1. Sequencing — what to learn, in what order. This is what a paid course actually sells. Free substitute: a fixed syllabus like the HSK level lists or a learning path.
  2. Lookup — a dictionary you can reach in two seconds, including for characters you cannot type. Well solved, free.
  3. Retention — spaced review, so the words you learned in March are still there in June. Well solved, free.
  1. Input — reading and listening slightly above your level, in volume. Partly solved free; paid libraries buy you depth rather than quality.
  2. Correction — someone telling you your third tone is wrong. The one job with no good free substitute, and the reason tutoring is the only thing on this page we would tell most people to pay for.

Everything below is organised around those five. If you only take one thing from this page, take the fifth one: pronunciation errors set hard, and every month you go uncorrected is a month of practice you will later have to undo.

Build me a plan

Four questions. The plan below rewrites itself as you answer them — nothing is sent anywhere, and every step that this site can do for you links to the free page rather than to an app.

12 steps in your plan. Answers stay in this browser and are not saved, sent or added to the address bar.

  1. Learn pinyin and the four tones before you learn a single character

    Pinyin is not a beginner's crutch you throw away later — it is how you will type Chinese for the rest of your life, and it is the only thing standing between you and learning every new word with the wrong tone. Two weeks here saves a year of re-learning words you already "know".

    Your first week or two, then never again from scratch.

  2. Drill tone pairs, not single tones

    Almost nobody has trouble with a tone said on its own. Real words are two syllables, the tones change each other, and the third tone in particular is not the shape the textbook draws when it has a neighbour. Drill the pairs and the single tones come free.

    Five minutes most days, for about a month.

  3. Then hear yourself, because you cannot hear yourself while you speak

    Recognising a second tone and producing one are separate skills, and every tone exercise on the internet trains the first. You need something that shows you what your own pitch actually did — the gap between what you think you said and what came out is the whole problem.

    Two minutes at the end of a session.

    In-app pronunciation scoring Free tier + paid
    Good at: Patience. You can say the same syllable thirty times and nothing sighs, which is worth more at the start than it sounds.
    Missing: Almost all of it is speech recognition underneath, and speech recognition answers "were you understood?", not "was your tone right?". A recogniser will accept a flat third tone in a word it can guess from the sentence, and mark you correct.
  4. Pick one dictionary and use it for everything

    You will look up thousands of words. Two seconds of friction per lookup is the difference between checking a word and guessing at it, and guessing is how wrong meanings get memorised. Whichever you pick, learn its handwriting and camera input — you will meet characters you cannot type long before you can write them.

    Every time you are unsure. That is the habit.

    Pleco Free tier + paid
    Good at: Being the reference nearly every serious learner ends up with: fast, offline, and able to take a character in by handwriting, camera or clipboard when you cannot type it.
    Missing: It is a dictionary, not a course. It will answer any question you already know how to ask, and teach you nothing you do not think to look up.
  5. Get a first 150 words before you try to say anything complicated

    Grammar is the easy part of Mandarin — no conjugation, no plurals, no gender, no tenses in the European sense. What stops you is not knowing the words. The HSK 1 list is 150 of them and it is free, ordered, and used by every course and exam you might meet later.

    Ten new words a day for a fortnight, then stop adding and review.

  6. Review on a schedule instead of re-reading

    Re-reading a word list feels like studying and does almost nothing. Being asked a word you are on the edge of forgetting is what moves it. Any spaced-repetition tool will do this; the only one that works is the one you actually open, so pick the one with the least setup between you and the first review.

    Ten minutes daily, before you learn anything new.

    Anki Free
    Good at: Remembering things on your behalf. The scheduler is the best there is, it is free, and there is a shared Chinese deck for essentially every textbook and HSK level.
    Missing: It teaches nothing and it assumes you will build or vet your own cards. The setup defeats a lot of people well before the reviews start paying them back.
  7. Two to four hours a week: two short sessions and one longer one

    Split it. Two ten-minute review sessions keep the words alive; one longer weekly session is where you actually learn something new. Doing it the other way round — one big Sunday session — is how people find they have forgotten last week's words every single week.

    Ten minutes twice in the week, an hour at the weekend.

  8. Spending nothing? Then the sequence is the thing you have to supply yourself

    Everything a paid course does can be had free except the ordering, so take the ordering from somewhere fixed and stop redesigning it. A learning path or an HSK level list gives you a syllabus that does not move — and a syllabus you did not choose is much harder to argue with at 9pm.

    Decide once. Re-deciding weekly is the actual failure mode.

  9. Conversation: say things out loud from the first week

    Reading Chinese silently builds a private pronunciation that nobody else shares, and the longer you leave it the more there is to undo. Say every word you learn, out loud, badly, from the beginning. It is also the only way to find out that your third tone is not doing what you think it is.

    Out loud every session. Never silent.

  10. No tutor in the budget? Record yourself, and find an exchange partner

    The two things a tutor gives you are correction and an obligation. You can approximate the first by recording a sentence and comparing your pitch against the model — the gap is usually obvious once you can see it — and the second by arranging to speak to another learner or a language-exchange partner at a fixed time each week. Neither is as good. Both are much better than waiting until you can afford a tutor.

    Record weekly; arrange a fixed slot with someone.

  11. On a phone: two icons on the home screen, and nothing else

    Phone study lives or dies on friction. Put the dictionary and one deck where your thumb already goes, and delete everything else you installed in the first fortnight. Gaps — a queue, a bus, a kettle — are worth more than they look, but only if opening the thing takes no decision.

    Whenever you would otherwise scroll.

  12. Whatever else you change, do not break the chain

    Every plan on this page is worth less than the plan you keep. Mandarin takes the US Foreign Service Institute about 2,200 class hours to teach to professional level — roughly four times Spanish — and no arrangement of apps changes that arithmetic. What changes it is showing up on the days you do not feel like it.

    Daily. Even a bad five minutes counts.

15 ways to learn Chinese, compared

Last checked 22 August 2026

Grouped by the job it does, not ranked — a dictionary and a tutor are not competitors. Every row says what it is missing, including ours. Costs are given as a shape rather than a figure on purpose: prices change between one visit and the next, and a stale number on a page whose whole value is being trustworthy is worse than no number at all.

15 ways to learn Mandarin Chinese, with what each is good at, what it is missing, and the free page here that covers the same need. Last checked 22 August 2026.
Tool or method Good at What it is missing Free here instead
Structured courses
HelloChinese
Free tier + paid
The early lessons are free; the rest of the course and the review tools sit behind a subscription.
Being an actual course. It introduces tones and characters from the first lessons instead of postponing them, and it decides the order for you — which is the single thing a beginner cannot do for themselves.
Use it if: You are starting from nothing and want someone else to choose what comes next.
It thins out well before you run out of language: past the intermediate levels there is much less here, and learners routinely finish it and find themselves with no obvious next step. Nothing here replaces this.
Duolingo
Free tier + paid
Free with ads; the paid tier removes them and lifts practice limits rather than adding course content.
Getting you to turn up. The streak and the five-minute lesson are the best habit mechanic anyone has built for language study, and the Chinese course costs nothing.
Use it if: Your problem is consistency rather than material — and you pair it with something that drills tones.
Tones and speaking. That is the most repeated criticism of its Chinese course in the 2026 review round-ups, and characters arrive as shapes to recognise rather than as things you can build or write. Nothing here replaces this.
Dictionaries and lookup
Pleco
Free tier + paid
The dictionary itself is free. The add-ons people actually buy — extra dictionaries, camera and handwriting input, the flashcard system — are bought once and kept.
Being the reference nearly every serious learner ends up with: fast, offline, and able to take a character in by handwriting, camera or clipboard when you cannot type it.
Use it if: You are studying Chinese at all. This is the least controversial recommendation on the page.
It is a dictionary, not a course. It will answer any question you already know how to ask, and teach you nothing you do not think to look up. our free Chinese dictionary — stroke order, audio and example sentences
ThePureLanguage (this site) That's us
Free
Free, with no account, no sign-up and nothing behind a paywall. It is paid for by the ads on the page.
Lookup and drills in a browser with nothing in the way: word-by-word translation on three lines, a dictionary, tone practice that listens to you, graded readers, a sentence bank and printable worksheets.
Use it if: You want the reference and practice half without paying for it — and you get the sequencing from a course, a textbook or a teacher.
There is no course here. Nothing sequences your learning for you, nothing schedules long-term review across the whole site, and nobody corrects your speaking. For those three you need one of the rows above, or a person. This is the free one.
Flashcards and spaced repetition
Anki
Free
Free on desktop, Android and the web. The iPhone app is a one-off purchase, and it is what funds the project.
Remembering things on your behalf. The scheduler is the best there is, it is free, and there is a shared Chinese deck for essentially every textbook and HSK level.
Use it if: You are past the first few hundred words and you have started forgetting them faster than you learn them.
It teaches nothing and it assumes you will build or vet your own cards. The setup defeats a lot of people well before the reviews start paying them back. our free review deck, with nothing to install
Pronunciation and speaking
In-app pronunciation scoring
Free tier + paid
Not sold on its own — it comes bundled with whichever course app you are already using.
Patience. You can say the same syllable thirty times and nothing sighs, which is worth more at the start than it sounds.
Use it if: You want low-stakes reps — but check the tones themselves against something that measures pitch rather than words.
Almost all of it is speech recognition underneath, and speech recognition answers "were you understood?", not "was your tone right?". A recogniser will accept a flat third tone in a word it can guess from the sentence, and mark you correct. our free tone mirror, which draws your pitch instead of guessing your words
Reading and listening input
Du Chinese
Free tier + paid
A few lessons are free and refreshed each week; the library behind them is a subscription.
The shortest path from "I know some words" to "I can read": graded stories with native audio, tap-to-define and a pinyin toggle you can turn off as you improve.
Use it if: You have around 300 words and reading real sentences still feels impossible.
Reading and listening only, and the free tier is a sample rather than a course. You still need something that makes you produce language. our 41 free graded readers with ruby pinyin and tap-to-define
The Chairman's Bao
Subscription
Subscription. Some articles are readable without one, but the graded library is the product.
Graded news, so the vocabulary is what people are actually reading this month rather than textbook Chinese from a decade ago.
Use it if: You are intermediate, bored of textbook dialogues, and want reading that is about something.
One register — news — and it only starts being useful around HSK 3. Below that there is not much here for you. our free sentence bank — 3,329 sentences searchable by hanzi, pinyin or English
Graded podcasts and comprehensible-input video
Free tier + paid
Most of it is free on YouTube and in podcast apps; a few of the better-known series sell transcripts or a members' feed.
Volume. Hours of listening pitched just above what you can already follow is the input nearly every self-study plan is short of, and it is the cheapest thing on this page.
Use it if: You have time you cannot spend at a desk — a commute, a walk, washing up.
It is entirely passive unless you make it otherwise. Understanding a sentence when you hear it is a long way from producing one, and nothing here makes you retrieve anything. our free text reader — paste any Chinese and have it read aloud at your own speed
Handwriting and characters
Skritter
Subscription
Monthly or yearly, with a trial. There is no useful free tier.
Handwriting drilled with real stroke-order checking — it tells you which stroke you got wrong, rather than just that the character was.
Use it if: You have decided you want to write by hand and you keep fossilising the wrong stroke order.
It is narrow on purpose. It assumes you already have a word list and a course to hang it on, and it is the most expensive way on this page to learn one skill. our free printable 田字格 practice sheets
People who correct you
italki
Per lesson
Pay per lesson at each tutor's own rate; community tutors cost noticeably less than qualified teachers.
Choice, and price. It is the widest pool of Chinese tutors anywhere and the cheapest reliable way to have a real person correct your tones every week.
Use it if: You can say things, and you have no idea whether you are saying them correctly.
You bring the syllabus. Given no plan, most tutors default to free conversation — which is worth a great deal at intermediate level and very little in week three. Nothing here replaces this.
Preply
Per lesson
Pay per lesson, normally bought as a package of hours rather than one at a time.
Structure around the lesson. Tutors are pushed to run a plan, and the matching questionnaire does more of the choosing for you than italki's browse-and-guess.
Use it if: You want a tutor but do not want to interview four of them first.
The package pricing and trial rules make it more expensive to shop around, so a bad match costs more here than it does elsewhere. Nothing here replaces this.
A taught class (college or evening course)
Per lesson
A course fee per term, and it is usually the largest single amount on this page.
Pacing you cannot quietly skip, a cohort who are as bad at it as you are, and someone who notices what you get wrong before it becomes permanent.
Use it if: You have tried self-study twice and stopped twice.
It moves at the median student's speed, which is wrong for almost everyone in the room, and the schedule is not yours. Nothing here replaces this.
Paper
HSK Standard Course (textbook series)
One-off purchase
Bought once per level — textbook plus workbook, with audio you download.
A syllabus that follows the exam word lists level for level, with drills and audio, and no notifications in it.
Use it if: You are sitting an HSK exam, or you want a fixed order to work through offline.
Nothing in it checks anything. Your tones, your handwriting and your answers are marked only by the key in the back, and it will not tell you that you are saying it wrong. our free HSK word lists, mock tests and downloadable PDFs
A squared notebook and a pen
One-off purchase
Cheap, and it lasts months. A 田字格 notebook is ruled into the grid Chinese children learn to write in.
Making characters stick. Writing by hand recruits far more than recognition does, and nothing on a screen reproduces getting the proportions wrong and being able to see it.
Use it if: You want to read characters reliably. Writing them is still the fastest way there.
No feedback whatsoever. Nothing tells you a stroke order is wrong, and by the time you notice it is a habit. our free printable 田字格 sheets and worksheet generators

How this page is written, and how it is paid for

This site is free and runs on the ads you can see on this page. Two of the rows above — the tutor marketplaces — are services we may eventually have an affiliate arrangement with, and where that is live the link says so and a disclosure appears at the top of this page. Everything else here is unpaid, and none of it is an advertisement.

The rules this page is held to, because a comparison page is worth nothing without them:

  • Every row has to say what it is missing. That is a required field in the data, not a house style — a row that cannot fill it fails the build. Ours says there is no course here, nothing sequences your learning, and nobody corrects your speaking, because all three are true.
  • Nothing is ranked by what it pays. A plan step in the picker has no partner, price or commission field at all, so the advice physically cannot vary with a commercial arrangement. The only thing an affiliate link changes anywhere on this page is its rel attribute and whether the disclosure above renders.
  • Where we can do it for free, we send you to our page, not to an app. Also a required field: any category we actually cover has to carry the free link in the last column.
  • A plan with a "free" budget may not contain a step that costs money. Checked, not trusted.
  • No prices, only shapes. See the note above the table.

Rows were last read through and checked on 22 August 2026. Something wrong or out of date? Tell us — a comparison that is not corrected is just an old opinion.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best way to learn Chinese?

There is no single best way, and a page that names one is usually selling it. What every successful plan contains is the same five things: pinyin and tones learned properly at the start, one dictionary you use for everything, a core vocabulary kept alive by spaced review, a lot of listening and reading slightly above your level, and someone who corrects you. Apps and courses differ mostly in which of those five they cover, and none of them covers all five. Pick tools per job rather than looking for one that does everything.

What is the best app to learn Chinese?

For a complete beginner who wants the order decided for them, HelloChinese is the most complete structured course on a phone — it teaches tones and characters from the start rather than postponing them. For looking things up, Pleco is the reference nearly every serious learner ends up with. For remembering what you have learned, Anki. Those are three different apps because they are three different jobs, and the honest answer to "which one app" is that the question has no good answer.

Can you learn Chinese for free?

Almost all of it, yes. Free tools cover pronunciation, tones, dictionaries, character practice, graded reading, flashcards and spaced review — everything on this page's plan except two things. The first is sequencing, which is what a paid course actually sells you, and you can substitute a fixed syllabus like the HSK level lists. The second is a human correcting your speaking, and that one has no free substitute that works as well; the closest are a language-exchange partner and recording yourself to check your own tones.

Is Duolingo enough to learn Chinese?

Not on its own. Duolingo's real strength is that it gets people to turn up, and the streak is the best habit mechanic anyone has built — but the most repeated criticism of its Chinese course is that it is thin on tones and speaking, and characters arrive as shapes to recognise rather than as things you can write. Used alongside dedicated tone practice and a dictionary it is a reasonable spine for a beginner. Used alone it produces people who have a long streak and cannot be understood.

How long does it take to learn Chinese?

The US Foreign Service Institute budgets about 2,200 class hours to take an English speaker to professional working proficiency in Mandarin — roughly four times what it budgets for Spanish or French. In practice, an hour a day gets most people to basic conversation in six to twelve months and to comfortable everyday conversation in two to three years. The grammar is genuinely easy; it is the characters, the tones and the complete absence of shared vocabulary with English that make it slow.

Do I need a Chinese tutor?

You need one eventually, and later than most people think. Nothing free reliably tells you that your third tone is wrong, and pronunciation errors set hard — so an hour a week with someone who interrupts you is worth more than ten hours of app streaks. But a tutor in week three, with no vocabulary to work with and no plan to bring, mostly becomes conversation practice you cannot yet have. Build a few hundred words first, then hire someone and arrive with something specific to fix.

Why does this comparison recommend its own site?

Because leaving ourselves out would be its own kind of dishonesty, and because for several of the jobs on this page there is a free page here that does what an app charges for — so sending you to the app instead would be worse advice. Our own row in the table carries the same "what is missing" line as every other row, and says the true thing: there is no course here, nothing sequences your learning, and nobody corrects your speaking. For those three, one of the other rows is the answer.

Start now, free

Begin with the pinyin chart and the tone pairs quiz, check your own tones in the tone pitch mirror, work the HSK 1 word list, read a graded story, and look up anything you meet in the dictionary. Or take a ready-made sequence from the learning paths.